Prevalence and Pattern of Sex Enhancement Drug Use Among Adult Males in Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Keywords:
Sex enhancement drugs, prevalence, usage pattern, male sexual healthAbstract
Sex enhancement drug consumption has become increasingly visible across several African settings, yet community-level prevalence data remain limited. This study examines the prevalence and pattern of sex enhancement drug use among adult males in Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed among 362 adult males aged 18–65 years selected through multistage sampling. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and analysed with SPSS version 27.0. The prevalence of lifetime use of sex enhancement drugs was 38.7%. Alcohol 26.0% and local herbal preparations 21.3% constituted the most frequently reported substances, followed by orthodox pharmaceutical agents 9.1% and nutritional supplements 5.8%. Usage was largely occasional, with 26.5% reporting use 1–2 times and 1.9% reporting daily use. Most users reported use within marital or regular partnerships 17.4%, though a proportion reported use with casual partners 13.5%, sex workers 11.9%, and women they struggled to win 5.5%. The dominant source of procurement was roadside vendors 81.4%. The findings reveal substantial community-level engagement with sex enhancement substances, characterised by informal acquisition and episodic consumption. These results highlight the need for structured sexual health engagement strategies that address patterns of non-medical performance enhancement within community settings.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Favour Nkami Eyong, Ndanusa Mohammed Bala, Kennedy Oberhiri Obohwemu, Gordon Mabengban Yakpir, Kenneth Oshiokhayamhe Iyevhobu, Gabriel Olaoluwa Abayomi, Chisom Lucky Emeka, Leonard Nnamdi Meruo, Festus Ituah, Nera Perpetual Kadiri-Eneh, Jennifer Adaeze Chukwu, Kenechukwu Ginika Okolo, Ifeanyi Praise Onyekachi, Woko Goodness Nkesi, Ojo Opeoluwa Joseph, Ologun Toluwanimi Oreoluwa, Emilia Nwamaka Nwaojei, Emmanuella Ojoagefu Onoja, Esther Arikpo Kedeayei, Lawal Folabomi Funmilola, Ebere Favour Chigushime, Christabel Osazele Aguinede, Charles Chinedum Onyeagbako, Ojo Bolorunduro Joseph, Shaba Oluwatosin, Chioma Precious Unogu, Gabriel Olaoluwa Abayomi (Author)
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